Oxbow virus (OXBV) is a single-stranded, enveloped, negative-sense RNA orthohantavirus.

[1] Oxbow virus was isolated from an American shrew mole (Neurotrichus gibbsii), captured in Gresham, Oregon, in September 2003.

[citation needed] The genome of the Oxbow virus along the full length of the S, M, and partial L-segment nucleotide and amino acid sequences show a low sequence similarity to rodent-borne hantaviruses.

Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that Oxbow virus and Asama virus are related to soricine shrew-borne hantaviruses found in North America, Europe, and Asia.

This suggests both these viruses evolved with cross-species transmission.