The refuge's waters and marshes surround Sagamore Hill National Historic Site, home of President Theodore Roosevelt.

Subtidal (underwater up to mean high tide line) habitats are abundant with marine invertebrates, shellfish and fish.

Over 25 species of waterfowl, along with numerous other waterbirds, depend on Oyster Bay for survival.

The most common marine mammals at the refuge are harbor seals, which have become more noticeable during recent years.

This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service.