Panesthiinae is a subfamily of giant cockroaches (Blaberidae) mostly found in Indo-Malaysia and Australia.

[1][2][3] Many species within this subfamily of cockroaches feed on wood, the best-studied being Panesthia angustipennis.

Until recently it was believed that Panesthia and other members of Panesthiinae do not rely on the hindgut for wood digestion,[4] but it is now believed that a "fiber-associated microbiome" might be contributing to up to 1/5th of the total xylanase and cellulase activities in the gut of P. angustipennis and the more social Salganea taiwanensis.

[5] The Cockroach species file and BioLib[3] list: