The members of the clade are: Listed alphabetically:[5] Afrotropical realm The species shows polymorphism in wing appearance, though this is limited to females, which are often given as an example of Batesian mimicry in insects.

[2] Some female morphs share a very similar pattern of colouration with various species of distasteful butterfly (e.g. from the Danainae, a subfamily of nymphalids),[19] while others have been found that mimic male appearance (andromorphs).

[2] Phenotypic variation within the female morphs of Papilio dardanus has been found to be controlled at one locus named H that contains at least 11 different alleles.

[21] The engrailed site has been found to have non-synonymous mutations throughout individuals in the species which would allow the divergence of each morph.

[22] Findings also suggest that the many different mimetic alleles in the Papilio dardanus genome are solely from mutations in the species.

[2] Allele combinations also determine not only which morph will be expressed but the actual size of the patterns shown.