[2] The first signs of a parathyroid adenoma and the resulting primary hyperparathyroidism can include bone fractures and urinary calculi such as kidney stones.

[1] Often, a parathyroid adenoma is diagnosed by an incidental finding on blood tests that reveal high calcium levels.

[3] Patients may not be experiencing any noticeable symptoms but could be producing excessive amounts of calcium and eventually experience problems later in life if untreated.

However, if symptomatic, patients can experience: pain or discomfort in the joints, muscles, and abdomen; depression and mood changes due to the hormonal imbalance.

[7] In cases where 99mTc-sestamibi scintigraphy or SPECT delivers inconclusive results, other imaging modalities and tracers can be applied.

[12] Parathyroidectomy can now be performed in a minimally invasive fashion, mainly because imaging techniques can pinpoint the location of the tissue.