The main rivers within the park are the Açuã, Mucuim, Inacorrã, Umari, Ciriquiqui, Punicici, Coari, Anaiquê and Coti.

A new species of bird, the Campina jay (Cyanocorax hafferi), was recently found in the transition between the rainforest and the natural fields.

[3] The Mapinguari National Park was created by decree on 5 June 2008 with an area of 1,572,422 hectares (3,885,540 acres).

[4] The objectives are to preserve natural ecosystems of great ecological relevance and scenic beauty, and in particular enclaves of Savannah in the Purus-Madeira interfluvial region, to support scientific research, environmental education, recreation in contact with nature and ecotourism.

[7][8] An ordinance of 9 January 2012 provided for a consistent and integrated approach to preparing management plans for the conservation units in the BR-319 area of influence.

[9] Law 12.678 of 25 June 2012 slightly reduced the park's size and allowed mining activities in the buffer zone.