Partition regularity

In combinatorics, a branch of mathematics, partition regularity is one notion of largeness for a collection of sets.

is called partition regular if every set A in the collection has the property that, no matter how A is partitioned into finitely many subsets, at least one of the subsets will also belong to the collection.

, and any finite partition

Ramsey theory is sometimes characterized as the study of which collections

A Diophantine equation

is called partition regular if the collection of all infinite subsets of

containing a solution is partition regular.

Rado's theorem characterises exactly which systems of linear Diophantine equations

Much progress has been made recently on classifying nonlinear Diophantine equations.