Parviz Mirza

Polo was a popular sport among the Mughal court, evidenced by a miniature showing the typical 4 player team consisting of Jahangir, Parviz, Khurram, and Asaf Khan.

Following the failed revolt, and the death of Jahangir's grandmother Miriam Makani, Parviz accompanied his father back to Agra in 1604.

[10] He supported his father's ambitious foreign policy, and was given the figurative command of over 20,000 horses, but the campaign to Mewar was in reality under the control of Asaf Khan.

[11] In the year 1608, Jahangir sent Khan Khana with 12,000 reinforcements to the Deccan to combat the recent successes of Malik Ambar and the Marathis.

Despite infighting among the Mughal military elite, he sent Parviz, closely supervised by Asaf Khan, to command and also govern Khandesh and Berar.

"[13] Ultimately Parvez and Khan Khana suffered repeated defeats at the hands of famine and guerilla tactics of Malik Ambar.

Thanks to Shah Jahan's successes suppressing rebellion in the Deccan, Gujarat, and Malwa, he had the support of respected military officers (including Khan Khana, the Rajput Kunwar Bhim, and the hero general Ray Rayan Raja Bikramajit).

On 29 March, Shah Jahan attempted to sabotage the Imperialist army by forging a secret alliance with Abdullah Khan, whose forces were meant to turn-coat mid battle.

[17] After several defeats, defections, and retreats, Shah Jahan attempted to negotiate with his brother and Mahabat Khan through Sarbuland Ray.

[18] The crown pressed Parviz to capture Shah Jahan or drive him to exile for good, but in 1623 Parvez returned to Burhanpur and left his brother to the Golconda territory.

[19] In 1624, with Shah Jahan once again threatening the empire, this time through Bengal, Parviz and Mahabat Khan again left Burhanpur to assist the imperial cause.

[22] When Khurram surrendered, Nur Jahan advocated forgiveness for the dissenter, in part because she was worried the act of bringing him back under control had given too much power to Parviz and Mahabat Khan.

However his association with the recent victories of his general and advisor, military hero Mahabat Khan, gained him favor with his father.

They may have feared the kind of extortion received in Bengal through the oppression of forced loans on the merchant class by Shayista Khan.

He supposedly refused to pay the customary respects at court by performing the obedience of bowing to the ground, but this is highly unlikely as he was a diplomat and this was his first introduction to a Mughal prince.

[28] The compromise of leaning against a pillar was understood to be a precursor to a more intimate discussion later on, but Roe had gifted the prince with wine and Parviz was later too drunk to honor the meeting.

[32] Parviz's first wife was Princess Jahan Banu Begum, the daughter of his step paternal uncle Prince Sultan Murad Mirza, second son of Emperor Akbar.

In 1612, Jahangir called Rustam Mirza to his presence, and treated him with kindness, and gave his daughter in marriage to Parviz.

[43] Later, after Shah Jahan was deposed by Aurangzeb, his son jeered at him "how do you still regard the memory of Khusrav and Parviz, whom you did to death before your accession and who had threatened no injury to you?".

[44] Prince Parviz was temporarily laid to rest in a tomb at Burhanpur and later transferred to Agra for final burial.

The original design of the tomb was modeled after the mausoleum of Timur, and was situated in the center of the garden at Char Bagh.

Emperor Jahangir receiving his two sons, Khusrau and Parviz, an album-painting in gouache on paper, c 1605-06.