He served in numerous other positions, including accompanying Vice President Richard Nixon on a tour of Asia.

[1] He practiced law in Heber Springs, Arkansas from 1965 to 1968 and then taught at Benjamin Franklin University in Washington, D.C.[1] Sometimes called "Small Paul Caraway" because of his height,[4] he was a noted workaholic whose only real hobby included collecting firearms.

He also served as deputy chief of staff to General Albert Coady Wedemeyer in the China Burma India Theater of World War II.

[11] Caraway accompanied then-Vice President of the United States Richard Nixon as part of his official party on a diplomatic mission to various countries in the eastern world.

[1] Caraway served as High Commissioner of the United States Civil Administration of the Ryukyu Islands from February 15, 1961, to July 31, 1964.

When Caraway arrived on the island, he wore the three-star insignia of a lieutenant general, despite the fact that the United States Senate had not yet approved his promotion to that rank.

However, he felt that his need to establish immediate authority with the Okinawa public warranted his assumption of advancement; the Senate did not learn of this episode and confirmed him retroactively the following day.

[5] While Commissioner, Caraway considered Okinawa an essential area of United States military control that provided defense against China.

[5] Caraway ordered the lowering of electricity rates and reformed the island banking system after having a number of prominent bankers arrested on charges of fraud.

[19] He vetoed bills from the Ryukyu legislature that would have brought the island closer to Japan, replacing them with directives distancing it.

[22] In 1962, President of the United States John F. Kennedy began an effort to give the residents of the Ryukyu islands greater autonomy.

One of his methods was to restrict Caraway's power of veto by allowing him to overrule the Ryukyu Legislature only when necessary to protect the security interests of the United States.

[24] A severe drought the same year forced Caraway to begin rationing water when reserves fell before 40 percent of capacity.