Paul Viiding (22 May 1904 – 27 June 1962) was an Estonian poet, author, and literary critic.

He attended the Hugo Treffner Gymnasium and graduated with a degree in mathematics from the University of Tartu in 1930, before pursuing a career as an author and poet.

He was a member of the influential group of Estonian poets brought together in 1938 by the literary scholar Ants Oras, who was greatly influenced by T. S. Eliot.

The small circle of six poets became known as Arbujad (Soothsayers) and included Heiti Talvik, Betti Alver, Uku Masing, Bernard Kangro, Kersti Merilaas, Mart Raud, and August Sang.

His grandchildren include the historian Juhan Kreem, musician Jaagup Kreem, poet Elo Viiding, politician Indrek Tarand, and journalist Kaarel Tarand.