Paula Heimann (née Klatzko; 2 February 1899 – 22 October 1982) was a German psychiatrist and psychoanalyst, who established the phenomenon of countertransference as an important tool of psychoanalytic treatment.

[1] Born into a Jewish family which migrated from Russia,[2] after studying medicine in Königsberg, Berlin, and Frankfurt, Paula Klatzko took and passed her Staatsexamen (state exams) in Breslau.

In 1927, the Heimann family moved to Berlin, where she began her psychoanalytic training under Theodor Reik in 1929.

That year she became a member of the British Psychoanalytical Society with her lecture A contribution to the problem of sublimation.

Paula Heimann, however, saw the emotional reaction of the therapist to their patient as an important tool for the exploration of the latter's unconscious.