Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius (15 January 1843 – 20 July 1928) was a Swedish entomologist.

He was the director of the Natural History Museum in Stockholm and he specialised in Coleoptera and Lepidoptera.

Also Rhopalocera Aethiopica (1898), major contributions to Adalbert Seitz's Die Großschmetterlinge der Erde Band 13: Abt.

2, Die exotischen Großschmetterlinge, Die afrikanischen Tagfalter, 1925 and many papers on the Lepidoptera of Africa and Über sekundäre Geschlechtscharaktere nordischer Tagfalter Stockholm (1880) a work on moths[verification needed].

Aurivillius was also the permanent secretary of Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences from 1901 to 1923.