Periclimenaeus is a genus of decapod crustaceans of the family Palaemonidae which is part of the infraorder Caridea.

He set out the distinguishing features of the genus as: Body rather stout, cephalothorax deep, a good deal compressed, abdomen greatly curved Thorax without dorsal swelling.

Third maxilliped narrow, with vestigial arthrobranch.Pericimaenaeus robustus is known only from the type specimen which was collected off Amirante Islands by the Western Indian Ocean Expeditions of Prof. J. Stanley Gardiner and described in 1915 and again in 1917 by Borradaile, it was re-described by Dr A.J.

Characteristics of the genus include the presence of grossly unequal chelae on the second pair of walking legs, the larger of which has a conspicuous molar process on the seventh and terminal segment of the leg, which sits opposite a depression on the fixed finger, this is used to produce sound, a feature which is convergent with similar structures in the related genus Coralliocaris and in some unrelated genera of snapping shrimps from the family Alpheidae.

These specimens were described by Edward J. Miers as Coralliocaris tridendatus, this was then assigned to Periclimenaeus as P. tridentatus after Borradaile named the genus.