Peter R. Buseck (born September 30, 1935) is a Regents Professor in the School of Molecular Sciences (SMS) at Arizona State University (ASU).

Buseck's graduate studies (Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy) were at Columbia University, under the direction of thesis advisor Prof. Chas.

Buseck studied phenomena from geological, chemical, and physical perspectives, which gave his research an interdisciplinary character when such collaborations were rare.

Buseck's research primarily involved the application of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in four major areas: mineralogy, meteoritics, fullerenes and related carbon phases, and atmospheric chemistry.

Buseck was also a pioneer in high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) mineralogy, which allowed crystal structures to be imaged directly.