Petersburg is a village in Boone County, Nebraska, United States.

Petersburg is the site of a memorial to Logan Fontenelle, an Omaha chief who was killed nearby, in a skirmish with Brulé and Arapaho in 1855, at the site of the present-day Olson Nature Preserve.

[4] The community was named for John Peters, the original owner of the town site.

[5][6] According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.37 square miles (0.96 km2), all land.

33.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

37.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 26.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.