It flows north into the municipalities of Saint-Robert and Yamaska in the Pierre-De Saurel Regional County Municipality (MRC), in the administrative region of Montérégie, on the South Shore of the St. Lawrence River, in Quebec, Canada.

The main neighboring hydrographic slopes of the Little Pot-au-Beurre river are: The "Petite rivière Pot au Beurre" has its source in an agricultural area at 1.7 kilometres (1.1 mi) (in direct line) north of the village of Saint-Robert, in Montérégie.

From its source, the course of the Petite Rivière Pot au Beurre descends 8.8 kilometres (5.5 mi) towards the north in an agricultural zone, then in a marsh zone at the end of the course, with a drop of 8 metres (26 ft), according to the following segments: The "Petite rivière Pot au Beurre" empties in a marsh area on the southeast shore of the rivière Pot au Beurre, at 4.9 kilometres (3.0 mi) upstream of the confluence of the latter with the Yamaska River.

This toponym is linked to the "Pot au Beurre river" of which it is a tributary.

The toponym "Petite rivière Pot-au-Beurre" was officially registered on August 28, 1980, at the Commission de toponymie du Québec.