Pfaffnau is a municipality in the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.

In the municipality two different parts are existing, the village Pfaffnau and the Former Monastery of St. Urban.

It consists of the former abbey village (Klosterdorf) of Pfaffnau and the hamlets of Burg, Buttenried, Murhof, Nuttele, Sagen, Schuelerslehn and Sankt Urban.

[7] Most of the population (as of 2000[update]) speaks German (2,247 or 94.0%) as their first language, Serbo-Croatian is the second most common (41 or 1.7%) and Albanian is the third (23 or 1.0%).

The historical population is given in the following chart:[3][11] The Former Monastery of St. Urban, Catholic Parish Church of St. Vinzenz with cemetery chapel and the rectory with tithe barn are listed as Swiss heritage site of national significance.

[12] In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the CVP which received 40.5% of the vote.

The number of jobs in the primary sector was 124, of which 122 were in agriculture and 2 were in forestry or lumber production.

In the tertiary sector; 131 or 17.4% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 19 or 2.5% were in the movement and storage of goods, 9 or 1.2% were in a hotel or restaurant, 5 or 0.7% were in the information industry, 6 or 0.8% were the insurance or financial industry, 18 or 2.4% were technical professionals or scientists, 28 or 3.7% were in education and 519 or 68.7% were in health care.

[7] From the 2000 census[update], 1,691 or 70.8% were Roman Catholic, while 362 or 15.1% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church.

The library has (as of 2008[update]) 3,850 books or other media, and loaned out 4,394 items in the same year.

It was open a total of 195 days with average of 11.5 hours per week during that year.