Phalloceros buckupi, the Jacareí toothcarp, is a species of poeciliid fish native to Brazil.

[2] Phalloceros buckupi is found in the Rio Jacareí drainage and neighbouring, which flows into the Baía de Paranaguá in Paraná, Brazil.

[3] The fish live in tropical freshwater; and are benthopelagic.

[3] The fish is named in honor of Paulo A. Buckup (b.

1959), the collector of the most specimens of this species, and for his many contributions to neotropical ichthyology.