In 1821, while working in the village of Les Baux-de-Provence, in southern France, he discovered the rock bauxite,[1] named for the place of its discovery.

In addition to numerous contributions in mineralogy and mining, Berthier is also noted for his research into blast furnaces and for the utilization of phosphates by plants.

[2] The detailed register of homosexuals, then maintained by the Paris police prefecture, mention him as a lover of soldiers.

[3] Pierre Berthier was elected a member of the Académie des Sciences in 1825.

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