He was father-in-law to plastic surgeon Léon Dufourmentel (1884–1957).
[1] He served as an interne in hospitals of Bordeaux (from 1879) and Paris (from 1884), where he later worked as an anatomical prosector (1888).
Subsequently, he became a surgeon at Hôpital Lariboisière, specializing in the field of otorhinolaryngology.
[2] In addition to his work with ear, nose and throat concerns, Sebileau made contributions in his investigations involving diseases of the genitourinary system and the kidneys.
His name is associated with "Sebileau's muscle", described as deep fibres of the dartos tunic which pass into the scrotal septum.