The Pinacate Peaks (Sierra Pinacate, O'odham: Cuk Doʼag) are a group of volcanic peaks and cinder cones located mostly in the Mexican state of Sonora along the international border adjacent to the U.S. state of Arizona, surrounded by the vast sand dune field of the Gran Desierto de Altar, at the desert's southeast.
The tallest of the peaks is Cerro del Pinacate (also called Volcan Santa Clara), with an elevation of 3,904 feet (1,190 m).
The volcanoes here have erupted sporadically since about 4 million years ago, probably in association with the opening of the Gulf of California.
[2] A variety of flora and fauna occur in the Pinacate Mountains, including the sculptural Elephant Tree, and Bursera microphylla.
[3] Padre Eusebio Kino, the founder of many Spanish missions in the Sonoran Desert, explored here in 1698 and several times later.