Plaňany (German: Planian) is a market town in Kolín District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic.

Plaňany consists of four municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):[2] Plaňany is located about 12 kilometres (7 mi) west of Kolín and 35 km (22 mi) east of Prague.

In 1421 and 1424, the village was burned down by the Hussites, then it was looted by the army of King George of Poděbrady in 1448.

Probably in 1572, during the rule of the Mírek of Solopysky family, the village was promoted to a market town.

Plaňany is located on the railway line of local importance from Kouřim to Pečky.