[2] Since 2006 it has provided molecular genetic evidence for an evolutionary link between sexes and mating types.

[1] The species was involved in a 2006 study that provided the first molecular genetic evidence for the evolutionary link between sexes and mating types.

[6][7]: 215–216, 222  A male-specific gene was founded in the species and named "OTOKOGI", meaning manliness or chivalry in Japanese.

[7]: 221 The species was previously believed to be heterothallic with males and females, but a 2021 study revealed it also contained hermaphrodites.

[3] Although trioecy is viewed as being an evolutionarily unstable transitional state between dioecy and monoecy, a 2023 study revealed this probably not the case in this species.