Alexandre Arsène Girault first circumscribed the genus in 1925; its name honors Plutarch.

The genus initially only comprised its type species, P. bicarinativentris, found in Australia.

Subsequent species from South Asia and Nigeria have been described and transferred to Plutarchia.

Species in the genus Plutarchia are parasitoids of the puparia of leaf-miner flies.

[2] Species in the genus Plutarchia have been found in Africa, South Asia, and Australasia.