Poecilocharax callipterus is a species of fish named after its elongated dorsal fins and anal fins.

[1] P. callipterus is the first species of Crenuchinae discovered after a gap of 57 years.

Poecilocharax callipterus lives in the Apuí region of Brazil.

The species is around 3 centimetres (1.2 in) long and has a mixture of long red fins, and a black spot on its tail.

P. callipterus is sexually dimorphic with males having a vibrant orange coloration.