Poecilotheria smithi, or the yellow-backed ornamental, is a species of large arboreal tarantulas.

It is endemic to Sri Lanka and considered to be critically endangered.

[citation needed] Dorsally, the carapace is dark brown in color.

The patella is white and the third and fourth leg pairs are identical.

[5] The yellow-backed ornamental is one of the rarest tiger spiders found on the island, where it is confined to the Haragama area in Kandy, with very few sightings from the region of Matale.