Under the kings of Libya, it was a joint capital with Tripoli, resulting today in state level institutions being located in the second city.
Following a period of slow decline, it was redeveloped after occupation by the Italians in 1912, until the start of the World War II Western Desert campaign from 1942.
The port facility itself serves general, bulk cargoes and containers, handled through eight transit sheds covering 17,500 square metres (188,000 sq ft).
Industries developed within the port include oil refining, food and salt processing, cement manufacturing, fishing, brewing, and tanning.
Strong westerly winds during the winter cause heavy seas, that make anchorage in the 0.6 metres (2 ft 0 in) tidal range dangerous.