The Portrait of Ugolino Martelli is a painting by the Italian artist Agnolo di Cosimo, known as Bronzino, executed in 1536 or 1537.

[2] Ugolino Martelli (1519-1592) was a Florentine aristocrat, humanist, and linguist, whose family palazzo can be seen in the background of the picture.

The earliest reference to the sculpture is in the private records of Luigi d'Ugolino Martelli (Ugolino's grandfather), in an inventory of his possessions begun in 1488.

It is now in the National Gallery in Washington D.C.[3] David was a traditional symbol of Florentine freedom, and could be an allusion to Martelli adherence to the city's Republican party.

[2] Ugolino's left arm is supported by a work by Pietro Bembo, whose sonnets were written in the vernacular.