From 1975 until 1978, Dubey was an assistant professor in the School of Organization and Management and Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics at Yale University.

In 1979, Dubey was a research fellow at the Institute for Advanced Studies at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

[citation needed] Throughout 1982, he was a senior research fellow at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis in Austria.

In the following year, he taught at Stony Brook University in the Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics and the Institute for Decision Sciences.

[citation needed] In 1986, Dubey entered his current position as the leading professor and co-director for the Center for Game Theory in Economics at the university.