Prince Yamashina Kikumaro (山階宮 菊麿王, Yamashina-no-miya Kikumaro-ō, 3 July 1873 – 2 May 1908), was the second head of the Yamashina-no-miya, a collateral line of the Japanese imperial family.

His mother was a concubine, Nakajo Chieko, but as Prince Akira had no children by his official wife, Princess Katsura Sumiko (the half-sister of Emperor Kōmei), Kikumaro was adopted as his official heir.

Prince Yamashina Kikumaro attended the Imperial Japanese Naval Academy and received a commission as a sub-lieutenant in 1894.

He served in combat with distinction during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905, and was awarded the Order of the Golden Kite (4th class).

He entered the Naval Staff College in January 1908, but died suddenly four months later at the young age of 34.