Pristolepis pentacantha is a species of fish in the family Pristolepididae described from Kabani River of Kerala, India.

It can be distinguished from its relative species by the following combination of characters: eyes are larger and closely set, dorsal fin carries 15–16 spines and 11 soft rays, anal fin carries 5 spines and 7 soft rays.

[citation needed] The fish species was discovered by Mathews Plamoottil, Assistant Professor in Zoology at the Government College, Chavara, Kollam, from Bavali, near the Karnataka border, in January 2012.

While the body is grayish green, the dorsal fin is reddish orange in colour.

Pristolepis pentacantha, a new fish species (Perciformes: Pristolepidae) from Kerala, India.