His only legitimate children, born of his marriage to Aldona of Lithuania, were his two daughters, Duchess Elizabeth of Pomerania and Electress Cunigunde of Brandenburg.
Elizabeth and Cunigunde both aspired to the crown; the former in the name of her four-year-old son, Casimir, and the latter for her husband, Elector Louis II.
[2] Louis solemnly promised that he would not impose any new taxes on the nobility and clergy and that he would not demand any financial support for his court while travelling in Poland.
[3] Despite Casimir III's later inclination to designate his grandson as his heir, Louis ascended the throne of Poland without difficulty on his uncle's death in 1370.
He was, however, soon forced to make new concessions to the szlachta; he himself had no sons and wished to secure the future accession of one of his daughters by granting the Privilege of Koszyce.