The Lübeck-Büchen Railway took delivery of five similar, albeit somewhat less powerful, machines that they also designated as the S 10.

Even as production started on the S 10, Henschel were given an order for the manufacture of a compound locomotive, which promised to deliver lower coal consumption.

Following initial dissatisfaction with the vehicles, several modifications to the locomotives finally led to the desired success.

The remaining disadvantages, such as the poor accessibility of the inside drive, led to the development of a new version in the shape of the 1914 variant.

After three locomotives were sent abroad as reparations, the Deutsche Reichsbahn took over the remaining 132 vehicles as Class 17.10–11 with numbers 17 1001–1123 and 17 1145–1153.

The Deutsche Reichsbahn in East Germany held onto these locomotives for longer and converted 13 examples to coal-dust firing.

Number 17 1055 (formerly "Posen 1107", running as "Osten 1135") was partly returned to its original configuration and belongs today to the Dresden Transport Museum.

Various disadvantages of the 1911 variant of the S 10.1, such as the difficulty of accessing the inside driving gear and the long steam lines between high and low-pressure cylinders, caused the Prussian state railways to have the design reworked.

The four cylinders were now located – as on the von Borries compound – on a slant; the twin-axle drive configuration was however retained.

Even the boiler was modified; grate and firebox heating areas and the superheater were increased in size.

Due to the altered location of the cylinders the running plate could be raised, which gave the locomotives a higher and more modern appearance, although in fact the height of the boiler axis above the rails remained unchanged.

The remaining engines were gathered together into the northern and central German Reichsbahn railway divisions.