The main parts include: the root mantle, the stem, the fronds, the coziers (fiddleheads), and leaves with spores.

An unusual feature is that Psaronius did not have a true trunk, but had a massive root mantle formed by hundreds of rootlets.

The side impressions of these adventitious roots are referred to as Tubiculites by the French Geologist François Cyrille Grand'Eury in 1877.

[3] Like modern tree ferns, Psaronius included other plant species growing in the root mantle.

It has been determined through cross-sections of petrified Psaronius, that various vining and epiphytic plants were growing within the tree fern.

Some of these that have been studied extensively are the epiphyte Botryopteris, the vining climber Ankyropteris and the small climbing ferns called Tubicaulis.

[1] The bases where the leaves attached were thick to carry the weight of fronds that could attain the size of 2 to 3 meters.