Ptolemy Philadelphus in the Library of Alexandria is an 1813 oil on canvas painting by Vincenzo Camuccini.

[2] The work was commissioned by Napoleon I along with Charlemagne Ordering Italian Scholars to Found the University of Paris, both for the central hall of Rome's Palazzo del Quirinale.

[3] It shows Ptolemy II Philadelphus in red robes among several philosophers in the Library of Alexandria.

[3] The artist had recently returned to Italy from Paris and decided to accept the commission.

[4] It later returned to Naples and since 1997 has hung in its original position in Room 31 of the Royal Apartments, also known as the Salone della Culla.