Push–pull strategy

It takes longer for a push-based supply chain to respond to changes in demand, which can result in overstocking or bottlenecks and delays (the bullwhip effect), unacceptable service levels and product obsolescence.

Inventory levels of individual components are determined by forecasting general demand, but final assembly is in response to a specific customer request.

Harrison summarized when to use each one of the three supply chain strategies: Hopp and Spearman consider some of the most common systems found in industry and the literature and classify them as either push or pull Liberopoulos (2013)[5] also classifies common systems according to different definitions on the distinction between push and pull.

An advertising push strategy refers to a situation when a vendor advertises its product to gain audience awareness, while the pull strategy implies the aims to reach audiences which have shown existing interest in the product or information about it.

[10] The difference between "push" and "pull" marketing can also be identified by the manner in which the company approaches the lead.

The original meaning of push and pull, as used in operations management , logistics and supply chain management . In the pull system production orders begin upon inventory reaching a certain level, while on the push system production begins based on demand (forecasted or actual demand). The CONWIP is a hybrid between a pure push and pure pull system.
The image shows a technology push, mainly driven by internal research and development activities and market pull, driven by external market forces. [ 1 ]