It performs the functions of downward rotation and depression of the scapulae combined with adduction and extension of the shoulder joint.
The standard pull-down motion is a compound movement that requires dynamic work by muscles surrounding the three joints which move during the exercise.
The latissimus dorsi performs extension and adduction of the arm directly to the spinal fascia.
The lower sternal fibers of the pectoralis major also perform this role of extension and adduction to a lesser degree.
The starting position involves sitting at the machine with the thighs braced, back straight and feet flat on the floor.
The arms are held overhead at full extension, grasping a bar connected to the weight stack.
[7] If the weight is pulled to touch the front of the chest, the rhomboid muscles' work may increase, while pulling the weight down to touch the back of the neck may work the upper trapezius muscle.