Pyotr Ivanovich Poletika (Russian: Пётр Иванович Полетика; 15 August 1778 – 26 January 1849, occasionally referred to in the West as Pierre de Poletica) was the second Russian ambassador to the United States.

Poletika was born in 1778 and enjoyed an aristocratic education.

His father Ivan Poletika (1722—1783) was a medical scientist.

From 1817 to 1822, he was the Russian ambassador to the United States.

He died in 1849, and his memoirs were published posthumously in 1885.