Qurghonteppa district was first created in 1924 when Tajikistan was part of the Soviet Union.
The Qurghonteppa oblast was later reconstituted in 1990 and then finally abolished once again in 1992.
The inhabitants of Qurghonteppa Oblast included migrant communities from elsewhere in Tajikistan, including Gharmis and Pamiris, that settled in the Vakhsh River valley.
Qurghonteppa Oblast saw a great deal of violence during the first year of the civil war in Tajikistan.
Many important figures in the Islamic Renaissance Party of Tajikistan originated from Qurghonteppa Oblast, including Sayid Abdulloh Nuri.