During this time, José Tomás Boves led an army of llaneros which routinely killed white Venezuelans.
After several more years of war, the country achieved independence from Spain in 1821.
[1] In Venezuela, like other South American countries, economic inequality often breaks along ethnic and racial lines.
[2] A 2013 Swedish academic study stated that Venezuela was the most racist country in the Americas,[2] followed by the Dominican Republic.
[2] During an international summit in Caracas in March 2004, Globovisión disseminated a parody of President of Zimbabwe Robert Mugabe as a monkey, which resulted with condemnation from Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Nigeria, Western Sahara, and South Africa, which they described in a joint statement as a "crude and indecent spectacle, filled with vulgar effects, scornful comments, and endless mockery and overtures with undeniable racist content that offended African peoples and human dignity.