Ramón Luco studied at the St. Thomas Aquinas College, of the National Institute and the Faculty of Law at the University of Chile, where he was sworn in as an attorney on 26 October 1898.

He joined the civil service in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs as Chief of the Section on Religion and Settlement (1896) and as a Fiscal Defence Lawyer (1907).

He also presented drafts on secular compulsory primary education, the rights of private employees, professional risks and work-related accidents, among other motions.

He was Minister of Industry, Public Works and Railways (1918), in the Juan Luis Sanfuentes administration, a member of the Court of Honor in the Arturo Alessandri election and Attorney for the Fiscal Defence Council of Tarapaca and Antofagasta (1921-1924).

He was elected Senator for the province of Tarapaca (1921-1926), a member of the Standing Committee on Finance and Municipal Loans, Agriculture, Industry and Railways and Interior Police.