[4] Randolph had the highest percentage of people of any city in the country vote for George W. Bush in the 2004 election, at 95.6%[5] Randolph's municipal classification was officially changed from a city to a town on January 1, 2009.

[6] According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.0 square mile (2.7 km2), all land.

Randolph has a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb), with long and cold winters, short summers with very warm days and cold nights, and fairly heavy winter snowfall totalling 70.8 inches or 1.80 metres during an average year.

There were 190 housing units at an average density of 183.4 per square mile (70.5/km2).

18.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.