Its name is translation from the Ojibwe Miskwaawaakokaan-ziibi meaning "Abundant with Red Cedar River."
According to the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, the river flows approximately 100 miles from southwestern Sawyer County to its confluence with the Chippewa southeast of Dunnville in southern Dunn County.
It drains portions of eight Wisconsin counties: Barron, Chippewa, Dunn, Polk, Rusk, St. Croix, Sawyer, and Washburn.
Important settlements along the river's course include Cameron, Rice Lake, Colfax, and Menomonie.
Below the dam that creates Lake Menomin in Menomonie the Red Cedar River is well known for its large walleye population.