Hatate was born in Suzuka, Mie Prefecture and played youth football for FC Yokkaichi before studying at Shizuoka Gakuen High School and later, the Juntendo University.

[13][14][15] Hatate made his debut at the end of the 2019 J1 League season, coming on as a substitute for Hiroyuki Abe in a 2–1 win over Hokkaido Consadole Sapporo.

On 31 December 2021, Hatate was announced to have signed a four-and-a-half-year deal with Scottish Premiership club Celtic for a fee believed to be in the region of £1.4 million.

Hatate was given another man of the match award for this showing, with his ability to be versatile in a number of positions being highlighted by Celtic manager Ange Postecoglou.

[29] In 2019, he gained international recognition for his performances at the Toulon Tournament, where he scored two goals to help Japan to the final, where they were eventually defeated on penalties by Brazil.

This came as a surprise to many supporters and media outlets at the time, where Japan manager Hajime Moriyasu justified his decision by saying: "We selected players who will be on the same wavelength as a team, who will be able to move and link up together, who through their organisation will be able to make use of their individual strengths".