The Republic of Upper Peru (Spanish: República del Alto Perú) was an unrecognized state formed in 1828 after a revolt led by Pedro Blanco Soto and José Ramón de Loayza Pacheco as a consequence of the 1828 Peruvian–Bolivian War.

Because of Gamarra's non-intervention policy in Bolivia, Blanco Soto and Loayza revolted in September 1828, with the latter declaring the independence of the La Paz Department under the name of the Republic of Upper Peru.

That forced the convening of a new assembly, which met in the department of Chuquisaca in the Convention of December 1828, which was composed for the most part of supporters of Gamarra, and appointed Blanco president and now-General Loayza vice president on 26 December.

On December 31, 1828, Blanco's government was overthrown when the president was preparing in full dress to go to Mass.

With the death of Blanco Soto and the arrest of Loayza, the ill-fated Republic of Upper Peru also came to an end.