The Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants (Czech: Republikánská strana zemědělského a malorolnického lidu, Slovak: Republikánska strana zemedelského a maloroľníckeho ľudu, RSZML) was a centre-right agrarian party of Czechoslovakia, seen as representing big business and agriculture.

It participated in the Pětka coalition governments, and it was a member of the International Agrarian Bureau.

[1] In the 1925 elections it won 45 of the 300 seats in the Chamber of Deputies, becoming the largest party in Parliament.

Prime Minister Udržal was a member of the party, but he lost its support, which meant that he failed to hold his coalition together.

Internal struggles within the party grew and the coalition government failed in July 1932.