[2] The PCR held the belief that a successful socialist revolution, should be organized in the major cities, with urban and industrial workers, as well as peasants, and maintained that the Brazilian Communist Party (PCB) had abandoned Marxism–Leninism in favor of Soviet revisionism.

Supported by the United States in the Cold War as a strong opponent to communism,[3] the dictatorship committed numerous human rights abuses, including torture, towards suspected communists and other political subversives.

The party was instrumental in organizing labor strikes and student demonstrations, but they also engaged in more destructive activities such as burning government-owned sugarcane fields.

The student protest eventually procured his release, although he was arrested again soon afterwards for publicly detailing the torture he had suffered while in prison.

[5] In July 1981, due to the limited success of PCR resistance operations against the government, the party made the decision to merge with the October 8th Revolutionary Movement (MR-8), an urban guerrilla organization that had likewise split from the PCdoB years earlier.

The party remained ideologically devoted to Marxism–Leninism, but it adopted a much more extensive theoretical approach to its methods, contrasting with the previous statutes that regarded the armed struggle as its top priority.