Rhacodactylus trachyrhynchus is a closely related species, but R. trachycephalus is smaller and has a number of other noticeable differences.

As a result of habitat reduction, low reproduction rate and small population, it is one of the rarest geckos in the world.

The species' scales create a mosaic pattern, with patches of white, brown, grey, and green in various hues.

[1] R. trachycephalus generally gives birth to no more than two young per year, which is a very low rate of reproduction and partially why the species is so rare.

To maintain a high level of heat and humidity, a large number of R. trachyrhynchus individuals will sometimes collect close together in shelters, a characteristic that is also exhibited by Underwoodisaurus milii.

Another factor is the infestation of the invasive little fire ant, which causes the offshore island populations to be especially at risk.