Riccardo Barbieri (born 1944) is an Italian theoretical physicist and a professor at the Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa.

During his professionalization classes (perfezionamento) in 1967-69 at the Scuola Normale Superiore and in later years he worked on higher-order radiative corrections in Quantum Electrodynamics with Ettore Remiddi.

In the 1970s he turned to computations in Quantum Chromodynamics, collaborating in particular with Raoul Gatto and Zoltan Kunszt.

Some of his most influential results in this period include: Having taught in Pisa for 30 years, Riccardo Barbieri is acclaimed for creating a numerous and flourishing school of theoretical high-energy physics.

“Elementary particle physics is the quadrant of nature whose laws can be written in a few lines with absolute precision and the greatest empirical adequacy.”[9] Prof. Barbieri was awarded the "Ordine del Cherubino" from the University of Pisa in 1997, the Humboldt Prize and, more recently, the Physics Prize of "Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei" in 2017.