Riga Governorate (Latvian: Rīgas guberņa, Russian: Рижская губерния, romanized: Rizhskaya guberniya) was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) and one of the Baltic governorates of the Russian Empire, which existed from 1713 to 1783.

After the conquest of the regions of Ingermanland, Livonia and Estonia by Sweden in the Great Northern War in 1710.

[1] On July 2, 1731, with the approval of Empress Anna I and the ukase of the Governing Senate, the island of Osel (modern Saaremaa) received the status of a special region.

[2] The Provinces of Riga and Tallinn were merged under the leadership of Governor General George Browne in 1775.

The All-Russian Provincial Act of 1775 was extended to the Baltic provinces and on July 3, 1783, the Riga Governorate ceased to exist, handing over much of its affairs to the Riga Viceroyalty.